Blog
Target trial emulation without matching: a more efficient approach for evaluating vaccine effectiveness using observational data
Real-world vaccine effectiveness has increasingly been studied using matching-based approaches, particularly in observational cohort studies following the target trial emulation framework. Although matching is appealing in its simplicity, it suffers important limitations in terms of clarity of the target estimand and the...
Conley-Morse persistence barcode: a homological signature of a combinatorial bifurcation
Bifurcation is one of the major topics in the theory of dynamical systems. It characterizes the nature of qualitative changes in parametrized dynamical systems. In this work, we study combinatorial bifurcations within the framework of combinatorial multivector field theory–a young but already...
Transactional Cloud Applications: Status Quo, Challenges, and Opportunities
Transactional cloud applications such as payment, booking, reservation systems, and complex business workflows are currently being rewritten for deployment in the cloud. This migration to the cloud is happening mainly for reasons of cost and scalability. Over the years, application developers have...
An Entropy Stable Formulation of Two-equation Turbulence Models with Particular Reference to the k-epsilon Model
Consistency and stability are two essential ingredients in the design of numerical algorithms for partial differential equations. Robust algorithms can be developed by incorporating nonlinear physical stability principles in their design, such as the entropy production inequality (i.e., the Clausius-Duhem inequality or...
Physics-informed features in supervised machine learning
Supervised machine learning involves approximating an unknown functional relationship from a limited dataset of features and corresponding labels. The classical approach to feature-based machine learning typically relies on applying linear regression to standardized features, without considering their physical meaning. This may limit...
Cybernetic Governance in a Coliving House
We report an 18-month field experiment in distributed digital institutions: a nine-bedroom Los Angeles coliving house that runs without managers, while sustaining 98% occupancy and below-market rents. Drawing on Elinor Ostrom’s commons theory, we outline design principles and three digital mechanisms that...
OneAdapt: Adaptive Compilation for Resource-Constrained Photonic One-Way Quantum Computing
Measurement-based quantum computing (MBQC), a.k.a. one-way quantum computing (1WQC), is a universal quantum computing model, which is particularly well-suited for photonic platforms. In this model, computation is driven by measurements on an entangled state, which serves as an intermediate representation (IR) between...
AI for Accessible Education: Personalized Audio-Based Learning for Blind Students
Blind and visually impaired (BVI) students face significant challenges in traditional educational settings. While screen readers and braille materials offer some accessibility, they often lack interactivity and real-time adaptability to individual learning needs. This paper presents Audemy, an AI-powered audio-based learning platform...
Evaluating Argon2 Adoption and Effectiveness in Real-World Software
Modern password hashing remains a critical defense against credential cracking, yet the transition from theoretically secure algorithms to robust real-world implementations remains fraught with challenges. This paper presents a dual analysis of Argon2, the Password Hashing Competition winner, combining attack simulations quantifying...
Demonstration of an AI-driven workflow for dynamic x-ray spectroscopy
X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy is a powerful technique for characterizing the chemical state and symmetry of individual elements within materials, but requires collecting data at many energy points which can be time-consuming. While adaptive sampling methods exist for efficiently...