An incident wave at a temporal interface, created by an abrupt change in
system parameters, generates time-refracted and time-reflected waves. We find
topological characteristics associated with the temporal interface that
separates distinct spatial topologies and report a novel bulk-boundary
correspondence for the temporal interface. The vanishing of either time
refraction or time reflection records a topological phase transition across the
temporal interface, and the difference of bulk band topology predicts
nontrivial braiding hidden in the time refraction and time reflection
coefficients. These findings, which are insensitive to spatial boundary
conditions and robust against disorder, are demonstrated in a synthetic
frequency lattice with rich topological phases engendered by long-range
couplings. Our work reveals the topological aspect of temporal interface and
paves the way for using the time boundary effect to probe topological phase
transitions and topological invariants.

Este artículo explora los viajes en el tiempo y sus implicaciones.

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