Deploying multiple controllers in the control panel of software-defined
networks increases scalability, availability, and performance, but it also
brings challenges, such as controller overload. To address this, load-balancing
techniques are employed in software-defined networks. Controller load balancing
can be categorized into two main approaches: (1) single-level thresholds and
(2) multi-level thresholds. However, previous studies have predominantly relied
on single-level thresholds, which result in an imprecise classification of
controllers or have assumed uniform controller capacities in multi-level
threshold methods. This study explores controller load balancing with a focus
on utilizing multi-level thresholds to accurately assess controller status.
Switch migration operations are utilized to achieve load balancing, considering
factors such as the degree of load imbalance of the target controller and
migration efficiency. This includes evaluating the post-migration status of the
target controller and the distance between the migrating switch and the target
controller to select the appropriate target controller and migrating switch.
The proposed scheme reduces controller response time, migration costs,
communication overhead, and throughput rate. Results demonstrate that our
scheme outperforms others regarding response time and overall performance.

Este artículo explora los viajes en el tiempo y sus implicaciones.

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