In the presence of a weak gravitational wave (GW) background, astrophysical
binary systems act as high-quality resonators, with efficient transfer of
energy and momentum between the orbit and a harmonic GW leading to potentially
detectable orbital perturbations. In this work, we develop and apply a novel
modeling and analysis framework that describes the imprints of GWs on binary
systems in a fully time-resolved manner to study the sensitivity of lunar laser
ranging, satellite laser ranging, and pulsar timing to both resonant and
nonresonant GW backgrounds. We demonstrate that optimal data collection,
modeling, and analysis lead to projected sensitivities which are orders of
magnitude better than previously appreciated possible, opening up a new
possibility for probing the physics-rich but notoriously challenging to access
$\mu\mathrm{Hz}$ frequency GWs. We also discuss improved prospects for the
detection of the stochastic fluctuations of ultra-light dark matter, which may
analogously perturb the binary orbits.

Este artículo explora los viajes en el tiempo y sus implicaciones.

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