Blog
Linear convergence of a one-cut conditional gradient method for total variation regularization
We introduce a fully-corrective generalized conditional gradient method for convex minimization problems involving total variation regularization on multidimensional domains. It relies on alternating between updating an active set of subsets of the spatial domain as well as of an iterate given by...
The Galactic inner spiral arms revealed by the Gaia ESO Survey chemical abundances. Metallicity and [Mg/Fe] ratios
Recent observational advances, such as Gaia DR3 GSP-Spec, have highlighted the potential of chemical abundances in tracing and revealing the structure of spiral arms. Building on these studies, we aim to trace the Milky Way’s inner spiral arms using chemical abundance data...
An Accelerated Camera 3DMA Framework for Efficient Urban GNSS Multipath Estimation
Robust GNSS positioning in urban environments is still plagued by multipath effects, particularly due to the complex signal propagation induced by ubiquitous surfaces with varied radio frequency reflectivities. Current 3D Mapping Aided (3DMA) GNSS techniques show great potentials in mitigating multipath but...
BadVideo: Stealthy Backdoor Attack against Text-to-Video Generation
Text-to-video (T2V) generative models have rapidly advanced and found widespread applications across fields like entertainment, education, and marketing. However, the adversarial vulnerabilities of these models remain rarely explored. We observe that in T2V generation tasks, the generated videos often contain substantial redundant...
Scientific Spirit of Chien-Shiung Wu: From Quantum Entanglement to Parity Nonconservation
In 1950, Chien-Shiung Wu and her student published a coincidence experiment on entangled photon pairs that were created in electron-positron annihilation. This experiment precisely verified the prediction of quantum electrodynamics. Additionally, it was also the first instance of a precisely controlled quantum...
Self-interacting dark matter with observable $ΔN_{\rm eff}$
We propose a GeV-scale self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) candidate within a dark $U(1)_D$ gauged extension of the Standard Model (SM), addressing small-scale structure issues in $\Lambda$CDM while predicting an observable contribution to $\Delta N_{\rm eff}$ in the form of dark radiation. The...
OptimAI: Optimization from Natural Language Using LLM-Powered AI Agents
Optimization plays a vital role in scientific research and practical applications, but formulating a concrete optimization problem described in natural language into a mathematical form and selecting a suitable solver to solve the problem requires substantial domain expertise. We introduce \textbf{OptimAI}, a...
Boundary Witten effect in multi-axion insulators
We explore novel topological responses and axion-like phenomena in three-dimensional insulating systems with spacetime-dependent mass terms encoding domain walls. Via a dimensional-reduction approach, we derive a new axion-electromagnetic coupling term involving three axion fields. This term yields a topological current in the...
Generalized Neighborhood Attention: Multi-dimensional Sparse Attention at the Speed of Light
Many sparse attention mechanisms such as Neighborhood Attention have typically failed to consistently deliver speedup over the self attention baseline. This is largely due to the level of complexity in attention infrastructure, and the rapid evolution of AI hardware architecture. At the...
Meta-Learning Online Dynamics Model Adaptation in Off-Road Autonomous Driving
High-speed off-road autonomous driving presents unique challenges due to complex, evolving terrain characteristics and the difficulty of accurately modeling terrain-vehicle interactions. While dynamics models used in model-based control can be learned from real-world data, they often struggle to generalize to unseen terrain,...